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Compare Norway (2004) - United Arab Emirates (2001)

Compare Norway (2004) z United Arab Emirates (2001)

 Norway (2004)United Arab Emirates (2001)
 NorwayUnited Arab Emirates
Administrative divisions 19 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold 7 emirates (imarat, singular - imarah); Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi), 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah), Dubayy (Dubai), Ra's al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn
Age structure 0-14 years: 19.8% (male 462,899; female 440,725)


15-64 years: 65.4% (male 1,520,481; female 1,473,101)


65 years and over: 14.8% (male 284,170; female 393,184) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
28.86% (male 354,298; female 340,498)

15-64 years:
68.74% (male 1,047,839; female 607,020)

65 years and over:
2.4% (male 40,626; female 17,179) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish dates, vegetables, watermelons; poultry, eggs, dairy products; fish
Airports 101 (2003 est.) 40 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 65


2,438 to 3,047 m: 13


1,524 to 2,437 m: 12


914 to 1,523 m: 14


under 914 m: 26 (2004 est.)
total:
22

over 3,047 m:
8

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 36


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 29 (2004 est.)
total:
18

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
9

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 324,220 sq km


land: 307,860 sq km


water: 16,360 sq km
total:
82,880 sq km

land:
82,880 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than New Mexico slightly smaller than Maine
Background Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off following the adoption of Christianity by King Olav TRYGGVASON in 994. Conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that was to last for more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Although Norway remained neutral in World War I, it suffered heavy losses to its shipping. Norway proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II, but was nonetheless occupied for five-years by Nazi Germany (1940-45). In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. The current focus is on containing spending on the extensive welfare system and planning for the time when petroleum reserves are depleted. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU. The Trucial States of the Persian Gulf coast granted the UK control of their defense and foreign affairs in 19th century treaties. In 1971, six of these states - Abu Zaby, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the UAE. They were joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah. The UAE's per capita GDP is not far below those of the leading West European nations. Its generosity with oil revenues and its moderate foreign policy stance have allowed it to play a vital role in the affairs of the region.
Birth rate 11.89 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 18.11 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $129.8 billion


expenditures: $105.5 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
revenues:
$6.5 billion

expenditures:
$7.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Oslo Abu Dhabi
Climate temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast desert; cooler in eastern mountains
Coastline 21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413 km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 16,093 km) 1,318 km
Constitution 17 May 1814, modified in 1884 2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996)
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway


conventional short form: Norway


local long form: Kongeriket Norge


local short form: Norge
conventional long form:
United Arab Emirates

conventional short form:
none

local long form:
Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah

local short form:
none

former:
Trucial Oman, Trucial States

abbreviation:
UAE
Currency Norwegian krone (NOK) Emirati dirham (AED)
Death rate 9.51 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 3.79 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $0 (Norway is a net external creditor) (2003 est.) $12.6 billion (2000 est.)
Dependent areas Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador John D. ONG


embassy: Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo


mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707


telephone: [47] (22) 44 85 50


FAX: [47] (22) 44 33 63
chief of mission:
Ambassador Theodore H. KATTOUF

embassy:
Al-Sudan Street, Abu Dhabi

mailing address:
P. O. Box 4009, Abu Dhabi; American Embassy Abu Dhabi, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-6010 (pouch); note - work week is Saturday through Wednesday

telephone:
[971] (2) 4436691

FAX:
[971] (2) 4435441

consulate(s) general:
Dubai
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Knut VOLLEBAEK


chancery: 2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000


FAX: [1] (202) 337-0870


consulate(s) general: Houston, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco
chief of mission:
Ambassador Asri Said Ahmad al-DHAHIRI

chancery:
Suite 700, 1255 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20037

telephone:
[1] (202) 955-7999
Disputes - international Norway asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and its continental shelf); despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway continue to dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone location and status of boundary with Saudi Arabia is not final, de facto boundary reflects 1974 agreement; boundary with Oman has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary; claims two islands in the Persian Gulf occupied by Iran: Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) and Greater Tunb (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran); claims island in the Persian Gulf jointly administered with Iran (called Abu Musa in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Abu Musa in Persian by Iran) - over which Iran has taken steps to exert unilateral control since 1992, including access restrictions and a military build-up on the island; the UAE has garnered significant diplomatic support in the region in protesting these Iranian actions
Economic aid - donor ODA, $1.4 billion (1998) -
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices, with oil and gas accounting for one-third of exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more oil than Norway. Norway opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994. The government has moved ahead with privatization. With arguably the highest quality of life worldwide, Norwegians still worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $43 billion. GDP growth was a lackluster 1% in 2002 and 0.5% in 2003 against the background of a faltering European economy. The UAE has an open economy with a high per capita income and a sizable annual trade surplus. Its wealth is based on oil and gas output (about 33% of GDP), and the fortunes of the economy fluctuate with the prices of those commodities. Since 1973, the UAE has undergone a profound transformation from an impoverished region of small desert principalities to a modern state with a high standard of living. At present levels of production, oil and gas reserves should last for more than 100 years. Despite higher oil revenues in 1999-2000, the government has not drawn back from the economic reforms implemented during the 1998 oil price depression. The government has increased spending on job creation and infrastructure expansion and is opening up its utilities to greater private-sector involvement.
Electricity - consumption 115.3 billion kWh (2001) 34.131 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 7.162 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 10.76 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 120.1 billion kWh (2001) 36.7 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
Jabal Yibir 1,527 m
Environment - current issues water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions lack of natural freshwater resources being overcome by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Norwegian, Sami 20,000 Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982)

note:
less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)
Exchange rates Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999) Emirati dirhams per US dollar - central bank mid-point rate: 3.6725 (since 1998); 3.6711 (1997), 3.6710 (1995-96)
Executive branch chief of state: King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973)


head of government: Prime Minister Kjell Magne BONDEVIK (since 19 October 2001)


cabinet: State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of Parliament


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament
chief of state:
President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan (since 2 December 1971), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 6 August 1966) and Vice President MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai)

head of government:
Prime Minister MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy (Dubai); Deputy Prime Minister SULTAN bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

note:
there is also a Federal Supreme Council (FSC) which is composed of the seven emirate rulers; the council is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation, Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power; meets four times a year

elections:
president and vice president elected by the FSC (a group of seven electors) for five-year terms; election last held NA October 1996 (next to be held NA October 2001); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan reelected president; percent of FSC vote - NA, but believed to be unanimous; MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum elected vice president; percent of FSC vote - NA%, but believed to be unanimous
Exports 3.466 million bbl/day (2001) $46 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish crude oil 45%, natural gas, reexports, dried fish, dates
Exports - partners UK 21.3%, Germany 13%, Netherlands 9.6%, US 8.7%, France 8.2%, Sweden 7.4% (2003) Japan 30%, India 7%, Singapore 6%, South Korea 4%, Oman, Iran (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black with a thicker vertical red band on the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $171.7 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $54 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 2.5%


industry: 36.2%


services: 61.2% (2003)
agriculture:
3%

industry:
52%

services:
45% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $37,800 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $22,800 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.6% (2003 est.) 4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 62 00 N, 10 00 E 24 00 N, 54 00 E
Geography - note about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil
Heliports 1 (2003 est.) 2 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 91,454 km


paved: 69,505 km (including 143 km of expressways)


unpaved: 21,949 km (2000)
total:
4,835 km

paved:
4,835 km

unpaved:
0 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 4.1%


highest 10%: 21.8% (1995)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs - growing role as heroin transshipment and money-laundering center due to its proximity to southwest Asian producing countries and the bustling free trade zone in Dubai
Imports 88,870 bbl/day (2001) $34 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Imports - partners Sweden 16.1%, Germany 13.3%, Denmark 7.9%, UK 7.2%, US 5.2%, Netherlands 4.5%, China 4.4%, France 4.3%, Italy 4% (2003) Japan 9%, US 8%, UK 8%, Italy 6%, Germany, South Korea (1999)
Independence 7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union) 2 December 1971 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate -3.5% (2003 est.) 4% (2000)
Industries petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing petroleum, fishing, petrochemicals, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, pearling
Infant mortality rate total: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.11 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
16.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2003 est.) 4.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,270 sq km (1998 est.) 50 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the monarch) Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)
Labor force 2.38 million (2003 est.) 1.4 million (1998 est.)

note:
75% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4%, industry 22%, services 74% (1995) services 60%, industry 32%, agriculture 8% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,551 km


border countries: Finland 736 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km
total:
867 km

border countries:
Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km
Land use arable land: 2.87%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.13% (2001)
arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
2%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
98% (1993 est.)
Languages Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official)


note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu
Legal system mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations federal court system introduced in 1971; all emirates except Dubayy (Dubai) and Ra's al Khaymah have joined the federal system; all emirates have secular and Islamic law for civil, criminal, and high courts
Legislative branch modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (165 seats; members are elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 10 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - Labor Party 24.3%, Conservative Party 21.2%, Progress Party 14.6%, Socialist Left Party 12.5%, Christian People's Party 12.4%, Center Party 5.6%, Liberal Party 3.9%, Coastal Party 1.7%, other 3.8%; seats by party - Labor Party 43, Conservative Party 38, Progress Party 26, Socialist Left Party 23, Christian People's Party 22, Center Party 10, Liberal Party 2, Coastal Party 1


note: for certain purposes, the Parliament divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting
unicameral Federal National Council or Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani (40 seats; members appointed by the rulers of the constituent states to serve two-year terms)

elections:
none

note:
reviews legislation, but cannot change or veto
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.25 years


male: 76.64 years


female: 82.01 years (2004 est.)
total population:
74.29 years

male:
71.84 years

female:
76.86 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: NA


female: NA
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
79.2%

male:
78.9%

female:
79.8% (1995 est.)
Location Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
Map references Europe Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 693 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 18,820,495 GRT/27,449,456 DWT


by type: bulk 62, cargo 128, chemical tanker 124, combination bulk 7, combination ore/oil 32, container 15, liquefied gas 84, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger 6, petroleum tanker 113, refrigerated cargo 5, roll on/roll off 48, short-sea/passenger 22, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 43


foreign-owned: Cyprus 3, Denmark 23, Estonia 2, Germany 12, Greece 15, Hong Kong 1, Iceland 2, Japan 10, Lithuania 1, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 1, Monaco 33, Poland 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 12, Sweden 31, United Kingdom 4, United States 5


registered in other countries: 695 (2004 est.)
total:
70 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,094,256 GRT/1,421,333 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 16, chemical tanker 3, container 17, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 24, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (including Coast Artillery and Coast Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret, RNoAF), Home Guard Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense, paramilitary (includes Federal Police Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4,033.5 million (2003) $1.6 billion (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.9% (2003) 3.1% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,106,484 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
778,842

note:
includes non-nationals (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 916,155 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
420,484 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 27,252 (2004 est.) males:
25,482 (2001 est.)
National holiday Constitution Day, 17 May (1814) Independence Day, 2 December (1971)
Nationality noun: Norwegian(s)


adjective: Norwegian
noun:
Emirati(s)

adjective:
Emirati
Natural hazards rockslides, avalanches frequent sand and dust storms
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, nickel, fish, timber, hydropower petroleum, natural gas
Net migration rate 1.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 1.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines condensate 411 km; gas 6,199 km; oil 2,213 km; oil/gas/water 746 km; unknown (oil/water) 38 km (2004) crude oil 830 km; natural gas, including natural gas liquids, 870 km
Political parties and leaders Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party [Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Coastal Party [Steinar BASTESEN]; Conservative Party [Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN] none
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 4,574,560 (July 2004 est.) 2,407,460

note:
includes 1,576,472 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 0.41% (2004 est.) 1.59% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest, Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand, Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Das Island, Khawr Fakkan, Mina' Jabal 'Ali, Mina' Khalid, Mina' Rashid, Mina' Saqr, Mina' Zayid, Umm al Qaywayn
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 13, FM 7, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 820,000 (1997)
Railways total: 4,077 km


standard gauge: 4,077 km 1.435-m gauge (2,518 km electrified) (2003)
0 km
Religions Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and unknown 10% (1997) Muslim 96% (Shi'a 16%), Christian, Hindu, and other 4%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.73 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
2.36 male(s)/female

total population:
1.5 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal none
Telephone system general assessment: modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe


domestic: Norway has a domestic satellite system; moreover, the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of cellular mobile systems instead of fixed-wire systems


international: country code - 47; 2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (1999)
general assessment:
modern system consisting of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable; key centers are Abu Dhabi and Dubai

domestic:
microwave radio relay and coaxial cable

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; submarine cables to Qatar, Bahrain, India, and Pakistan; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia
Telephones - main lines in use 3.343 million (2002) 915,223 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 4,163,400 (2003) 1 million (1999)
Television broadcast stations 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995) 15 (1997)
Terrain glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east
Total fertility rate 1.78 children born/woman (2004 est.) 3.23 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.7% (2003 est.) NA%
Waterways - none
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